Cape Verde Chronology Cape Verde was a Portuguese colony from 1462 until 1975, and was ruled jointly with Guinea-Bissau. * 1961 Joint struggle for liberation of Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau (then Portuguese Guinea) begins. * 1974 Guinea-Bissau independent. * 1975 Independence, but with view to union with Guinea-Bissau. * 1981 New constitution formalizes final split from Guinea-Bissau. * 1990 Multiparty politics legalized.